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State of evidence · Updated Jul 18, 2026

Pharmaceuticals

FDA actions, label changes, off-label trial reads.

25Cited articles
Jul 18, 2026Last update
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16 Strong claims29 Moderate claims10 Emerging claims12 Weak claims13 Hype claims
Latest finding · Jul 18, 2026

Does Ozempic Curb Alcohol Cravings?

It started as an anecdote too common to ignore. People who went on semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) or tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound) to lose weight kept saying the same strange thing: they stopped wanting to drink.

3 Moderate1 Emerging2 Hype
2026
Jul 16, 2026

Spironolactone: The Off-Label Acne & Hair Drug

Spironolactone is one of medicine’s great second acts. It was built in 1959 as a potassium-sparing diuretic and aldosterone antagonist — a blood-pressure and heart-failure drug — and it still does that job every day.

1 Strong2 Moderate1 Emerging1 Hype
Jul 16, 2026

Finasteride vs Dutasteride: Which Works Better?

They are the two drugs that actually move the needle on male pattern baldness, and they work the same way — both throttle the enzyme that makes dihydrotestosterone, the hormone that shrinks scalp follicles.

2 Strong2 Moderate1 Weak1 Hype
Jul 15, 2026

SGLT2 Inhibitors: Beyond Diabetes, What Works

They were designed to lower blood sugar by making you pee it out. Then the outcomes trials came back and rewrote cardiology and nephrology.

2 Strong2 Moderate1 Emerging1 Hype
Jul 13, 2026

Bempedoic Acid (Nexletol): What the Data Shows

Bempedoic acid (brand name Nexletol, and the fixed-dose combination Nexlizet with ezetimibe) is the oral LDL-lowering drug built for the people statins fail — not because it works better, but because of where it works.

2 Strong3 Moderate1 Hype
Jul 12, 2026

PCSK9 Inhibitors: What the Cholesterol Data Shows

Evolocumab (Repatha), alirocumab (Praluent) and inclisiran (Leqvio) do something no statin can: they cut LDL cholesterol another 50 to 60 percent on top of a statin, often to numbers that were unreachable a decade ago.

2 Strong2 Moderate1 Emerging1 Hype
Jul 12, 2026

Metformin for Longevity: Does It Work?

No drug has travelled further on a longevity hypothesis than metformin. It is cheap, it has been prescribed for type 2 diabetes for decades, its mechanism touches the exact pathways — AMPK, mTOR, insulin signalling — that the science of aging keeps circling…

1 Strong2 Moderate1 Weak1 Hype
Jul 11, 2026

Low-Dose Naltrexone: What the Evidence Shows

Naltrexone is a fully approved prescription drug — at 50 mg it blocks opioids to treat addiction. Take one-tenth of that dose and something strange happens: instead of blocking pain relief, a small body of research suggests it may quietly turn down the kind…

1 Moderate3 Emerging1 Hype
Jul 07, 2026

Colchicine for Heart Disease: The New Evidence

For two thousand years colchicine was a gout drug — a cheap, oral, plant-derived anti-inflammatory that doctors reached for when a big toe caught fire. Now it is the first pure anti-inflammatory the FDA has ever approved to reduce cardiovascular risk.

1 Strong2 Moderate1 Weak1 Hype
Jul 02, 2026

CagriSema: The Next Big Weight-Loss Drug?

Cagrilintide is a long-acting amylin analog, and CagriSema staples it to semaglutide for a two-mechanism attack on obesity.

2 Moderate1 Emerging2 Weak
Jun 26, 2026

Acarbose: A Longevity Drug Hiding in Plain Sight?

It was approved in the 1990s, it slows how fast you digest starch, and it is one of the most reliably replicated lifespan-extenders in the most rigorous animal aging program we have. That is the genuinely exciting part, and it is real.

1 Strong2 Moderate2 Weak
Jun 22, 2026

Microdosing Ozempic: Smart Hack or Hype?

Take a sliver of a GLP-1 drug — a fraction of the label dose — and you are supposed to get gentle fat loss, sharper metabolism, fewer side effects, even a longer life, all for less money. The pitch is everywhere this year.

2 Moderate1 Emerging1 Weak1 Hype
Jun 08, 2026

The Peptide Wild West: What the FDA Fight Means

A dozen-plus peptides got pushed off the legal compounding shelf, a gray market of unverified vials rushed in to fill the gap, and now the government is reversing course.

3 Strong1 Weak1 Hype
May 29, 2026

GLP-1 Drugs Cut Cancer Spread: ASCO 2026

At the 2026 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting in Chicago, researchers presented a retrospective TriNetX cohort comparing 10,225 stage I–III cancer patients who started a GLP-1 receptor agonist after diagnosis with 12,115 patients who star…

May 24, 2026

The FDA Banned 19 Peptides. They Were Wrong About 14.

In February 2026, the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) quietly walked back most of the FDA’s 2023 peptide restrictions — returning BPC-157, TB-500, CJC-1295, ipamorelin and ten others to legal compounding u…

May 21, 2026

Tirzepatide for heart failure and sleep apnea: the trials

Tirzepatide already has FDA approval for type 2 diabetes (Mounjaro) and obesity (Zepbound). Two large Phase 3 readouts in 2024 — SUMMIT in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and SURMOUNT-OSA in obstructive sleep apnea — produced results strong …

1 Strong3 Moderate1 Emerging
Apr 15, 2026

Compounding Update: Where the FDA Crackdown Lands

On February 21, 2025, the FDA declared the semaglutide shortage resolved. That single regulatory action changed who can compound what, under which authority, and for how long. The Outsourcing Facilities Association sued.

Apr 12, 2026

Doctors Don't Prescribe Peptides — They Were Never Taught

The standoff between conventional medicine and the peptide category isn’t an evidence dispute. It’s a training gap that compounds into a billing problem and a liability problem — but the training gap is the load- bearing wall.

Mar 21, 2026

AI Finds GLP-1 Side Effects Trials Missed

A University of Pennsylvania NLP study analyzed 410,198 Reddit posts from 67,000 GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonist users and surfaced menstrual irregularities and temperature dysregulation as recurring adverse signals — neithe…

Jan 17, 2026

Oral GLP-1 Drugs, the Brain, and Addiction

GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) were built as diabetes drugs and discovered as weight drugs. The next discovery is already in motion: NIH-backed research confirms these molecules cross into the brain — not just modulate gut signals — and suppress the do…